(She asked me why... / Do you know when...)
(a) Если вопрос начинается с `Do you know...?/ Could
you tell me?, тогда порядок слов в таких вопросах
отличается от порядка слов в простом вопросе.
Сравните:
- Where is the bank? (простой вопрос)
Но:
- Could you tell me where the bank is?
(а не Could you tell me where is the bank?)
Когда вопрос (Where is the bank?) является частью
сложного предложения(Could you tell me...?/I don’t know...),
оно выглядит утвердительным предложением.
Рассмотрите примеры:
- What animal is it? - When will he go? - Where can I meet her? | Do you know what animal it is? I don’t know when he will go. Can you tell me where I can meet her? |
Обратите внимание на вопросы с do/does/did: |
- Where do you live? - What does he eat? - When did she come back? | Can you tell me where you live? I wonder what he eats. Do you know when she came back? |
Если вопросительное слово (what, when, who и т.д.)
отсутствует, употребляется if или whether:
- Can you help me? - I wonder if/whether you can help me.
(b) Аналогичное изменения порядка слов происходят
в косвенной (reported) речи:
Direct Reported | An old man asked,`What time is it?` An old man asked us what time it was. |
Direct Reported | The manager asked,`Why did you apply for the job?` The manager wanted to know why I had applied for the job. |
Direct Reported | Mary asked me,`Do you like cats? Mary asked me if/whether I liked cats. |
В косвенных вопросах глагол обычно ставится в
прошедшее время.