(a) Обычно вопросы конструируются изменением порядка
слов: мы помещаем вспомогательный глагол
(auxiliary verb)(AV) перед подлежащим (subject)(S):
S + AV | AV + S |
|
you are | are you? | Are you happy? |
he can | can he? | What can he do? |
Fred will | will Fred? | Where will Fred go? |
the window was | was the window? | Was the window opened? |
(b) В вопросах в Present Simple используйте do/does:
S + AV | AV + S |
|
you like | do you like? | Do you like reading? |
he works | does he work? | Does he work hard? |
В вопросах в Past Simple используйте did:
S + AV | AV + S |
|
you went | did you go? | When did you go there? |
he lived | did he live? | Did he live in this house? |
Будьте внимательны с who/what/which в вопросах.
Если who/what/which является подлежащим (Subject),
не пользуйтесь do/does/did. Сравните:
who - the Object (Дополнение) | who - the Subject(Подлежащее) |
Alice phoned somebody. Who did Alice phone? | Somebody phoned Alice. Who phoned Alice? |
В этих примерах who/what/which подлежащее:
Who wants something to drink? (а не `who does want')
Who invented the bicycle? (а не `who did invent')
What happened to your friend? (а не `what did happen')
Which tram goes to the centre? (а не `which tram does go')
с Вопросы с отрицанием.
Вопросы с отрицанием используются главным образом:
для выражения удивления:
- Didn't you hear the news?
В восклицаниях (!):
- Isn’t it a fine day!
Когда мы ожидаем, что слушатель согласен с нами:
- `Haven't we met before?' `Yes, I think we have'.
Обратите внимание на значения ответов yes и no
на вопросы с отрицанием:
Yes. (= Да, мы ездили.)
- Didn't you go to the country?
No. (= Нет, мы не ездили.)
Обратите внимание на порядок слов в вопросах с
Why...?:
- Why didn't you write the letter? (а не `why you didn't write')
- Why don't we go to the beach? (а не `why we don't go')