(a) Past Perfect Tense образуется при помощи had + past participle (seen, gone, opened, written, looked, и т.д.).
Мы используем Past Perfect для того, чтобы показать:
1.что действие было завершено до определенного момента в прошлом:
- I had written a letter by two o'clock.
2.что одно действие было завершено перед другим действием в прошлом:
- She had already left when I came.
- I didn't know what I should write. I had never written letters before.
(b) Past Perfect (I had done) - это прошедшее время от Present Perfect (I have done).
Cравните:
Present | Past |
I'm not hungry. I've just had lunch. The house is dirty. We haven't cleaned it for weeks. | I wasn't hungry. I'd just had lunch. The house was dirty. We hadn't cleaned it for weeks. |
(c) Сравните Past Perfect и Past Simple:
- Was Mary ready to go to the cinema when you came to her?
- Yes, she had been ready by the moment.
- Jack wasn't in when I phoned him. He was in his office.
- Jack had just got home when I phoned him. He had been in his office.