(a) Have и have got
Have got и has got чаще употребляют вместо
have и has. Поэтому можно сказать:
- I have got a brother. или: I have a brother.
- Tom has got many books. или: Tom has many books.
Для вопросительных и отрицательных предложений существуют три возможные формы:
Have you got a sister? Have you a sister? Do you have a sister? | I haven't got a sister. I haven't a sister. I don't have a sister. |
Has he got a flat? Has he a flat? Does he have a flat? | He hasn't got a flat. He hasn't a flat. He doesn't have a flat. |
В прошедшем времени (Past) got не используется.
- When I was a student I had a friend.
В отрицательных и вопросительных предложениях прошедшего времени употребляются did и didn't.
- Did you have a friend when you were a student?
- I liked to travel but I didn't have a car then.
(b) Have для обозначения действий.
Have используется для обозначения ряда
действий. Например:
have breakfast/lunch/dinner/a meal/a drink/ a cup of coffee/a cigarette и т.д. |
have a swim/a walk/a rest/a holiday/ a party/ a good time и т.д. |
have a bath/a shower/a wash |
have a look (at something) |
have a baby (= give birth to a baby) |
have a chat (with someone) |
В таких выражениях have не может быть заменен
на have got:
- I usually have breakfast at 8 o'clock. (а не 'have got')
- Last summer I had a good time.
Сравните:
- I have a bath every morning. (=я принял ванну-действие)
- I've got a bath. (=в моем доме есть ванна)
Вспомогательный глагол to do употребляется для образования вопросительных и отрицательных предложений.
- When do you usually have breakfast?
- I don't have breakfast so early.
- Did you have a good time last summer?
- I didn't have a good time last summer.
Когда have означает действие, можно использовать формы Continuous (is having/ are having/was having и т.д.):
- Where's Mike? He's having dinner.